What type of evidence forms the basis of the scientific method?

The basis of the scientific method is empirical evidence. This type of evidence is derived from observation, experimentation, and real-world data collection. Empirical evidence is essential for validating hypotheses and theories, as it allows scientists to draw conclusions based on objective findings rather than subjective opinions or theoretical constructs. The scientific method relies on this concrete data to develop reliable and repeatable results that can be tested and verified by others, ensuring that the conclusions drawn are grounded in observable phenomena.

Theoretical evidence, while important in developing hypotheses, does not hold the same weight without empirical backing. Consensus opinion lacks the rigor and objectivity required for scientific validation, as it relies on collective agreement rather than demonstrable proof. Historical data can provide context and background but does not constitute the direct evidence needed to support or refute a specific scientific claim. Thus, empirical evidence is foundational to the scientific process, enabling scientists to explore and understand the natural world effectively.