What is defined as scientific work that has been reviewed and critically appraised by other experts?

Peer-reviewed research is defined as scientific work that has undergone a formal evaluation process by experts in the same field. This process involves critical appraisal of the research methodology, findings, and the overall contribution to the field. The goal of peer review is to ensure the quality, credibility, and reproducibility of scientific studies, helping to eliminate bias and improve the validity of the work presented.

Through peer review, researchers can receive constructive feedback that may lead to improvements in their study or address any potential flaws before publication. This makes peer-reviewed research a critical component of the scientific method, as it establishes a reliable body of knowledge that can be trusted by practitioners, researchers, and policymakers alike.

In contrast, clinical experience refers to knowledge gained through practice and patient interaction, subjective assessment involves personal opinions that can vary between individuals, and empirical evidence refers to information obtained through observation or experimentation outside of the structured review process. While all these elements are important in the realm of science and practice, peer-reviewed research holds a specific place as the gold standard for validating scientific findings.