Athletes over the age of 60 display what unique feature regarding carbohydrate metabolism?

Athletes over the age of 60 exhibit reduced glycogen storage due to age-related physiological changes. As individuals age, there are several factors that can negatively impact carbohydrate metabolism and glycogen synthesis. One primary factor is the decrease in muscle mass and the functional capacity of skeletal muscle, which can lead to lower levels of enzymes responsible for glycogen synthesis. Additionally, with aging, insulin sensitivity tends to decline; this results in a less efficient uptake of glucose into muscle cells, further contributing to the reduced ability to store glycogen.

Also, hormonal changes associated with aging, such as reductions in anabolic hormones (like testosterone and growth hormone), also influence metabolism. These changes create a scenario where the capacity for glycogen storage is compromised in older athletes. Overall, while they may still perform at high levels, their ability to manage carbohydrate intake and storage is diminished compared to younger athletes.